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Mount Aso , one of the most active volcanoes in Japan , latterly help to stop a powerful earthquake before it subsided on its own , researchers discovered .
Ash drifts south from Mount Aso, a volcano on Japan’s Kyushu island, on Jan. 13, 2015.
When a 7.1 - magnitude quake struck Kumamoto , Japan , on April 16 , 2016 , it opened surface rift in a zone extend 25 mile ( 40 kilometers ) in distance . But scientist found evidence suggesting that the powerful earthquake was halt by a magma chamber under the Aso volcanic cluster , located 19 miles ( 30 km ) from where the quake originated .
This determination provided scientists with a rare glimpse of how two geologic phenomena — volcanoesandearthquakes — may interact . This topic is of particular interest in Japan , which is especially vulnerable to both volcanoes and earthquakes . [ The 11 Biggest Volcanic Eruptions in story ( Photos ) ]
An earthquake is a sudden firing ofpent - up energyin Earth ’s encrustation that has accumulated over time , generated by shifting tectonic plates . When two sides of a fault , or crack along a home base bound , move aside or slide on the spur of the moment past each other , energy gets liberate . The moving ridge of energy radiate outward from that jolt , often producing shake on Earth ’s surface , according to theU.S. Geological Survey(USGS ) .
Japan isespecially prone to quake , as it lie in the Pacific Ring of Fire , a uracil - shaped field in the Pacific Ocean where several tectonic denture fit , and where many earthquakes are mother .
A number of volcanoes are also found in this Ring of Fire . And it was the particular fundamental interaction of the April 2016 earthquake with the Mount Aso volcano that set off the research worker ' interest in how seismic activity could be dissemble by the social system ofvolcanic cluster .
Shortly after the Kumamoto quake , the research worker visited the epicentre — the shoes on Earth ’s surface straight off above where the quake originate — and expend 10 day investigating the rupture left behind by the quake .
They discovered fresh ruptures that extended into Aso ’s caldera — a large , bowl - form depression at the volcano ’s summit — from the southwest to the northeast border . And they abruptly ended there , at depths of 3.7 international nautical mile ( 6 kilometer ) below the airfoil .
Investigations of seismic activity late under the caldera where the ruptures stopped indicated that there was a chamber holdingmagma — the same hot , fluent material squall lava when it reaches Earth ’s aerofoil — at that very spot ,
free energy waves from the quake traveled toward Mount Aso through cool , brittle rock-and-roll , the study source write . But the sudden encounter with the utmost heat engender by arise magmaunder the volcanodispersed the energy upward and outward , sapping the strength of the quake ’s stream and stopping the falling out , they explained .
" This is the first type have-to doe with the interaction between the volcano and co - seismal rupturing as we know so far , " study lead generator Aiming Lin told Live Science in an electronic mail .
Lin , a prof in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at the Faculty and Graduate School of Science at Kyoto University in Japan , state that although this is the first report evidence of a vent lay a stop to an seism , there are other historic good example that could stand for similar activeness .
In 1707 , ruptures generate by the Houei - Tokai - Nankai temblor ( magnitude 8.7 ) extended northerly and finally end at the westerly side of Mount Fuji , Lin wrote . And in 1930 , the rupturing of the magnitude-7.3 North Izu quake was interrupted at the Hakone volcano in Izu Peninsula .
" Along this agate line , we are studying the fundamental interaction between the active faults — include co - seismic rupturing — and big quake in Japan , " Lin said .
This discovery could help investigator more accurately expect earthquakes ' duration proportional to theirinteraction with volcanoes , harmonise to seismologist Gregory Beroza , deputy director of the Southern California Earthquake Center and a professor of geophysics at Stanford University .
" What it might have in mind for seism is that magmatic systems might segment fracture and , by doing so , limit the sizing of earthquakes in a predictable way , " Beroza , who was not involved in the study , told Live Science in an email .
" This is just one seism , however , " Beroza added . " No matter how interesting it is , or compelling it looks , it ’s potentially risky to generalize to next quake . "
The findings were published online today ( Oct. 20 ) in the journalScience .
Original article onLive scientific discipline .
